Since the onset of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a transformative feature of the battlefield. Ukraine’s Armed Forces, fighting a numerically superior enemy, have turned to a diverse arsenal of drones to level the playing field, using them for reconnaissance, artillery correction, electronic warfare, and increasingly for direct attack. This essay surveys the wide spectrum of UAVs in service with Ukraine as of mid-2025, ca