same on all chains. All have a proposal, discussion, implementation, waiting period (for code to be deployed), and activation

I though most of those steps didn’t occur on-chain in the case of bitcoin. But I could be mistaken.

Woule you mind sharing a link with the equivalent information on bitcoin, ie its governance process and how each governance operation (proposal, vote, activation ) is handled by the chain?

I’m looking at BIP 9 and its stated goal is to support soft forks

allowing multiple backward-compatible changes (further called “soft forks”) to be deployed in parallel.

This imply BIP-9 doens’t help with non-backward-compatible changes, ie doesn’t help prevent hard forks.